[2007.5.22][转贴][APTX青山病院]晒晒太阳，摄入维生素D，提高对结核病等各种细菌的抵抗

belmont

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=71140


Scientists have shown that a single 2.5mg dose of vitamin D may be enough to boost the immune system to fight against tuberculosis (TB) and similar bacteria for at least 6 weeks. Their findings came from a study that identified an extraordinarily high incidence of vitamin D deficiency amongst those communities in London most at risk from the disease, which kills around two million people each year.


The research, funded by the Wellcome Trust, the Department of Environmental Health at Newham Council and Newham University Hospital NHS Trust Respiratory Research Fund, is published online in the [I]American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.


Whilst a diet of oily fish can provide some vitamin D, the main source of the body's vitamin D comes from exposing the skin to sunlight. In Britain, however, the amount of sunlight is usually insufficient to make vitamin D in the skin between October and April, and much of the population becomes deficient during the winter and spring.


Researchers from Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Research in Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College London, studied patients at Newham University Hospital and Northwick Park Hospital in London who had been exposed to TB. They found that over 90% of such patients had a vitamin D deficiency.


Vitamin D was used to treat TB in the pre-antibiotic era, when special sanatoria were built in sunny locations, such as the Swiss Alps. But until now, no study has evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on immunity to mycobacteria, the family of bacteria that cause TB.


The researchers performed a randomised control trial on a group of volunteers who were given either a 2.5mg supplement or a placebo. Samples of the volunteers' blood were then tested in Dr Robert Wilkinson's Wellcome Trust-funded laboratory at Imperial College, to see whether the supplement affected the immune system's ability to withstand infection by mycobacteria.


"We found that a single large dose of vitamin D was sufficient to enhance a person's immunity to the bacteria," says Dr Adrian Martineau from Imperial College London, who co-ordinated the study. "This is very significant given the high levels of vitamin D deficiency in people at the highest risk of TB infection, and shows that a simple, cheap supplement could make a significant impact on the health of people most at risk from the disease."


According to the Health Protection Agency, the incidence of TB in the UK is
increasing, with around 8,000 new cases a year. Cases in the UK are predominantly confined to the major cities and about 40 per cent of all cases are in London. TB is also a major global problem: an estimated one-third of the world's population - nearly two billion people - are infected. Nine million people a year develop the active disease worldwide, which kills two million each year.


"Most cases of TB in London arise from people who have already become infected with the bacteria but in whom it lies latent," says Professor Chris Griffiths from Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry. "Our results indicate that vitamin D supplementation may prevent reactivation of latent TB. Identifying people with latent TB and providing supplements could be an important strategy for tackling the disease."


Treatment is both very cheap - about 60p per dose or 10p per week - and safe. Vitamin D supplements could be prescribed for patients with or at risk of latent TB through GP surgeries.


Dr Martineau points out: "Our work adds to the growing evidence that vitamin D may have a wide range of important health benefits, including preventing falls and fractures and reducing risk of cancer and diabetes, as well as boosting the immune system against infection. Population-wide supplementation needs to be considered by public health planners."


"Milk and orange juice could be fortified with vitamin D, as in the US and Canada," he says. "At present only margarine is supplemented in the UK, and recent studies show that this is not an effective way to prevent vitamin D deficiency."



Scientists have shown that a single 2.5mg dose of vitamin D may be enough to boost the immune system to fight against tuberculosis (TB) and similar bacteria for at least 6 weeks. Their findings came from a study that identified an extraordinarily high incidence of vitamin D deficiency amongst those communities in London most at risk from the disease, which kills around two million people each year.
科学家发现2.5毫克剂量的维生素D就足够强化人的免疫系统，至少6星期，来抵抗结核病，同时也可以抵抗一些简单的细菌侵入。这个发现来源于一个研究在伦敦的一些社区中，每年因维生素D缺乏症而死亡的人的影响时所发现的。


The research, funded by the Wellcome Trust, the Department of Environmental Health at Newham Council and Newham University Hospital NHS Trust Respiratory Research Fund, is published online in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
这个由Wellcome信托会，Newham区政府环境健康部门，和Newham大学医院，英国国民健康研究基金会赞助的研究，发表在在线版美国呼吸与药品关注期刊上。


Whilst a diet of oily fish can provide some vitamin D, the main source of the body's vitamin D comes from exposing the skin to sunlight. In Britain, however, the amount of sunlight is usually insufficient to make vitamin D in the skin between October and April, and much of the population becomes deficient during the winter and spring.
虽然吃鱼油胶囊可以提供一些维生素D，身体里维生素D的主要来源是从晒太阳中获得。但是，在英国，10月和4月的光照量一般不够充足，因而在冬天和春天的时候，人们摄入的维生素D会相对较少。


Researchers from Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Research in Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College London, studied patients at Newham University Hospital and Northwick Park Hospital in London who had been exposed to TB. They found that over 90% of such patients had a vitamin D deficiency.
伦敦玛丽皇家药学牙科学院，以及Wellcom信托会下属的研究机构，和伦敦皇家学院的研究者们研究了在Newham大学医院和Northwick公园医院中的患结核病的病人。他们发现90%患结核病的病人，他们维生素D都摄入不足。


Vitamin D was used to treat TB in the pre-antibiotic era, when special sanatoria were built in sunny locations, such as the Swiss Alps. But until now, no study has evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on immunity to mycobacteria, the family of bacteria that cause TB.
在抗生素还没有得到广泛运用的时代，维生素D是用来治疗肺结核的一种方法，当时许多这样的特殊疗养院就建造在如瑞士阿尔卑斯山这种阳光充足的地带。但是直到现在，没有研究表明维生素D对于提高免疫分枝杆菌，也就是结核病菌的宿主有十分明显的效果。


The researchers performed a randomised control trial on a group of volunteers who were given either a 2.5mg supplement or a placebo. Samples of the volunteers' blood were then tested in Dr Robert Wilkinson's Wellcome Trust-funded laboratory at Imperial College, to see whether the supplement affected the immune system's ability to withstand infection by mycobacteria.
研究者试验时在两组志愿者，一组是摄入了2.5毫克维生素D,另一组是摄入了安慰剂，在两组人身上进行随机性的控制试验。而后志愿者的血液被带往Wellcom信托赞助的在皇家学院的Robert Wilkinson博士的实验室进行测试，以此来分析维生素D的摄入是否影响免疫系统，从而能够抵抗分枝杆菌的侵袭。


"We found that a single large dose of vitamin D was sufficient to enhance a person's immunity to the bacteria," says Dr Adrian Martineau from Imperial College London, who co-ordinated the study. "This is very significant given the high levels of vitamin D deficiency in people at the highest risk of TB infection, and shows that a simple, cheap supplement could make a significant impact on the health of people most at risk from the disease."
"我们发现，一单位大剂量的维生素D能够有效地强化人的免疫系统，从而对于细菌有更强的抵抗力,"参与试验的伦敦皇家学院的Adrian Martineau博士说。"对于那些极度缺乏维生素D，从而对于结核杆菌抵抗力较弱的群体来说，这是一个十分有效的方法，同时，在平时生活中简单地、物美价廉地通过各种渠道摄入维生素D也能够降低人们患病的危险几率。"


According to the Health Protection Agency, the incidence of TB in the UK is increasing, with around 8,000 new cases a year. Cases in the UK are predominantly confined to the major cities and about 40 per cent of all cases are in London. TB is also a major global problem: an estimated one-third of the world's population - nearly two billion people - are infected. Nine million people a year develop the active disease worldwide, which kills two million each year.
根据健康保护机构的统计，结核病在英国的影响越来越大，每年约有8000个人患结核病。而这些人主要是集中在英国的主要城市中，在其中又有40%的病例集中于伦敦。结核病同时也是一个全球性问题：根据估算，全世界三分之一的人口-也就是将近两亿人-受到了结核病菌的感染。每年又有九百万人传播结核病菌，导致了两百万人的死亡。<div></div>


"Most cases of TB in London arise from people who have already become infected with the bacteria but in whom it lies latent," says Professor Chris Griffiths from Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry. "Our results indicate that vitamin D supplementation may prevent reactivation of latent TB. Identifying people with latent TB and providing supplements could be an important strategy for tackling the disease."
"大多数在伦敦的结核病病例中，许多都已经被感染，但是前期时病菌都处于潜伏状态,"玛丽皇家药学牙科学院的专家Chris Griffiths说。"我们的是研究结果显示，维生素D的摄入可能有助于免于将潜伏在体内的结核病菌激活。如果检查出有携带潜伏结核病菌的患者，给他们摄入维生素D，有助于控制结核病菌并杀死结核病菌。"


Treatment is both very cheap - about 60p per dose or 10p per week - and safe. Vitamin D supplements could be prescribed for patients with or at risk of latent TB through GP surgeries.
维生素D治疗结核病的方式也物美价廉-注射药水每单位60便士或者一礼拜10便士-同时也十分安全。结核病的高危人群可以到医疗福利诊所里开处方购买维生素D的摄入品。


Dr Martineau points out: "Our work adds to the growing evidence that vitamin D may have a wide range of important health benefits, including preventing falls and fractures and reducing risk of cancer and diabetes, as well as boosting the immune system against infection. Population-wide supplementation needs to be considered by public health planners."
Martineau博士指出："我们的研究增加了证据，那就是维生素D可能在保持健康的领域中会得到很广泛的运用，包括防止骨折，对癌症及糖尿病的预防，增强免疫系统抵抗细菌感染的能力等。在公众健康计划中应该考虑给大部分人群提供有效的维生素D的摄入途径。"


"Milk and orange juice could be fortified with vitamin D, as in the US and Canada," he says. "At present only margarine is supplemented in the UK, and recent studies show that this is not an effective way to prevent vitamin D deficiency."
"牛奶和橙汁中可以添加维生素D，就像美国和加拿大的做法一样,"他说。"现在在英国，摄入维生素D的食品途径只有黄油一种，并且近期的研究也表明了这也不是一个防止维生素D缺乏症的有效途径。"




科学家发现2.5毫克剂量的维生素D就足够强化人的免疫系统，至少6星期，来抵抗结核病，同时也可以抵抗一些简单的细菌侵入。这个发现来源于一个研究在伦敦的一些社区中，每年因维生素D缺乏症而死亡的人的影响时所发现的。


这个由Wellcome信托会，Newham区政府环境健康部门，和Newham大学医院，英国国民健康研究基金会赞助的研究，发表在在线版美国呼吸与药品关注期刊上。


虽然吃鱼油胶囊可以提供一些维生素D，身体里维生素D的主要来源是从晒太阳中获得。但是，在英国，10月和4月的光照量一般不够充足，因而在冬天和春天的时候，人们摄入的维生素D会相对较少。


伦敦玛丽皇家药学牙科学院，以及Wellcom信托会下属的研究机构，和伦敦皇家学院的研究者们研究了在Newham大学医院和Northwick公园医院中的患结核病的病人。他们发现90%患结核病的病人，他们维生素D都摄入不足。


在抗生素还没有得到广泛运用的时代，维生素D是用来治疗肺结核的一种方法，当时许多这样的特殊疗养院就建造在如瑞士阿尔卑斯山这种阳光充足的地带。但是直到现在，没有研究表明维生素D对于提高免疫分枝杆菌，也就是结核病菌的宿主有十分明显的效果。


研究者试验时在两组志愿者，一组是摄入了2.5毫克维生素D,另一组是摄入了安慰剂，在两组人身上进行随机性的控制试验。而后志愿者的血液被带往Wellcom信托赞助的在皇家学院的Robert Wilkinson博士的实验室进行测试，以此来分析维生素D的摄入是否影响免疫系统，从而能够抵抗分枝杆菌的侵袭。


"我们发现，一单位大剂量的维生素D能够有效地强化人的免疫系统，从而对于细菌有更强的抵抗力,"参与试验的伦敦皇家学院的Adrian Martineau博士说。"对于那些极度缺乏维生素D，从而对于结核杆菌抵抗力较弱的群体来说，这是一个十分有效的方法，同时，在平时生活中简单地、物美价廉地通过各种渠道摄入维生素D也能够降低人们患病的危险几率。"


根据健康保护机构的统计，结核病在英国的影响越来越大，每年约有8000个人患结核病。而这些人主要是集中在英国的主要城市中，在其中又有40%的病例集中于伦敦。结核病同时也是一个全球性问题：根据估算，全世界三分之一的人口-也就是将近两亿人-受到了结核病菌的感染。每年又有九百万人传播结核病菌，导致了两百万人的死亡。<div></div>


"大多数在伦敦的结核病病例中，许多都已经被感染，但是前期时病菌都处于潜伏状态,"玛丽皇家药学牙科学院的专家Chris Griffiths说。"我们的是研究结果显示，维生素D的摄入可能有助于免于将潜伏在体内的结核病菌激活。如果检查出有携带潜伏结核病菌的患者，给他们摄入维生素D，有助于控制结核病菌并杀死结核病菌。"


维生素D治疗结核病的方式也物美价廉-注射药水每单位60便士或者一礼拜10便士-同时也十分安全。结核病的高危人群可以到医疗福利诊所里开处方购买维生素D的摄入品。


Martineau博士指出："我们的研究增加了证据，那就是维生素D可能在保持健康的领域中会得到很广泛的运用，包括防止骨折，对癌症及糖尿病的预防，增强免疫系统抵抗细菌感染的能力等。在公众健康计划中应该考虑给大部分人群提供有效的维生素D的摄入途径。"


"牛奶和橙汁中可以添加维生素D，就像美国和加拿大的做法一样,"他说。"现在在英国，摄入维生素D的食品途径只有黄油一种，并且近期的研究也表明了这也不是一个防止维生素D缺乏症的有效途径。"

HSCY

黄油在我上班的地方根本没时间去加啊，哎，单身的人没那么多讲究拉

HSCY

对了，谢谢支持病院，希望你再接再厉啊！继续努力~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~`